How good are these forecasts?

Every forecast scored on seasons the model never saw while its settings were chosen.

Held-back seasons

ForecastForecastsLog lossFavourite won
The model3060.97353%
Base rate3061.02151%
Recent form3061.01150%

Clubs are rated on their domestic league games as well as all three UEFA competitions, so a Norwegian champion and a mid-table Premier League side sit on one scale, linked by European meetings. Only Conference League matches are scored in the track record.

Knockout ties are two legs; the simulation plays each as one game on neutral ground.

Clubs from leagues football-data.co.uk doesn't carry (Czechia, Croatia, Serbia, Ukraine, Israel, Cyprus and others) are rated only on their European matches.

The Conference League has only a few seasons, so it uses the settings fitted for the Europa League, which rates the same clubs on the same scale.